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90 lines
5.0 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title> 7.4. Creating Custom Symlinks to Devices </title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../stylesheets/lfs.css">
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../stylesheets/lfs-print.css"
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type="text/css" media="print">
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</head>
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<body class="lfs" id="lfs-7.7-systemd">
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<div class="navheader">
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<h4> Linux From Scratch - Version 7.7-systemd </h4>
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<h3> Chapter 7. Basic System Configuration </h3>
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<ul>
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<li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="udev.html"
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title="Device and Module Handling on an LFS System">上一页</a>
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<p> LFS 系统上的设备和模块处理 </p>
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</li>
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<li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="clock.html"
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title="Configuring the system clock">下一页</a>
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<p> Configuring the system clock </p>
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</li>
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<li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter07.html"
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title="Chapter 7. Basic System Configuration">返回</a>
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</li>
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<li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"
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title="Linux From Scratch - Version 7.7-systemd">主页</a> </li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="sect1" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<h1 class="sect1"> <a id="ch-scripts-symlinks"
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name="ch-scripts-symlinks"></a>7.4. 创建自定义符号连接设备 </h1>
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<div class="sect2" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2"> 7.4.1. 处理相似性质的设备 </h2>
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<p> 正如 <a class="xref" href="udev.html" title="7.3. Device
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and Module Handling on an LFS System">Section 7.3, “LFS
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系统上的设备和模块处理 ”</a> 节中解释的，具有相同功能的设备出现在 <code class="filename">/dev</code>
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目录下的顺序是随机的。假如你有一个 USB 摄像头和一个电视调谐器，<code class="filename">/dev/video0</code>
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有可能是 USB 摄像头，<code class="filename">/dev/video1</code>
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是电视调谐器，有时候又可能是反过来的。对于除声卡和网卡外的设备，都可以通过创建自定义持久性符号链接的 udev
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规则来固定。网卡如何设置请看 <a class="xref" href="network.html"
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title="7.2. General Network Configuration">7.2,
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“通用网络配置”</a>，网卡的相关设置请看 <a class="ulink"
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href="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/systemd/postlfs/devices.html">BLFS</a>。
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</p>
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<p> 对于你所有的硬件，都有可能遇到此问题（尽管此问题可能在你当前的 Linux 发行版上不存在），在 <code></code><code
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class="filename">/sys/class</code> 或 <code class="filename">/sys/block</code>
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目录下找到对应目录，比如，显卡可能的路径为 <code class="filename">/sys/class/video4linux/video<em
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class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em></code>。找到该设备的唯一设备标
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识（usually, vendor and product IDs and/or serial numbers work）：</p>
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<pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">udevadm info -a -p /sys/class/video4linux/video0</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p> 然后通过写入规则建立符号链接：</p>
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<pre class="userinput"><kbd class="command">cat > /etc/udev/rules.d/83-duplicate_devs.rules << "EOF"
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<code class="literal">
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# Persistent symlinks for webcam and tuner
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KERNEL=="video*", ATTRS{idProduct}=="1910", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0d81", \
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SYMLINK+="webcam"
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KERNEL=="video*", ATTRS{device}=="0x036f", ATTRS{vendor}=="0x109e", \
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SYMLINK+="tvtuner"
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</code>
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EOF</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p> 最终，<code class="filename">/dev/video0</code> 和 <code
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class="filename">/dev/video1</code> 依旧会随机分配给 USB
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摄像头和电视调谐器，但是 <code class="filename">/dev/tvtuner</code> 和 <code
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class="filename">/dev/webcam</code> 将会固定的分配给正确的设备。</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="navfooter">
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<ul>
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<li class="prev"> <a accesskey="p" href="udev.html"
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title="Device and Module Handling on an LFS System">上一页</a>
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<p> LFS 系统上的设备和模块处理 </p>
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</li>
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<li class="next"> <a accesskey="n" href="clock.html"
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title="Configuring the system clock">下一页</a>
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<p> Configuring the system clock </p>
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</li>
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<li class="up"> <a accesskey="u" href="chapter07.html"
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title="Chapter 7. Basic System Configuration">返回</a>
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</li>
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<li class="home"> <a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"
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title="Linux From Scratch - Version 7.7-systemd">主页</a> </li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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