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1725 lines
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
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<title>
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6.65. Util-linux-2.26
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</title>
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<body class="lfs" id="lfs-7.7-systemd">
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<div class="navheader">
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<h4>
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Linux From Scratch - Version 7.7-systemd
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</h4>
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<h3>
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Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software
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</h3>
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D-Bus-1.8.16
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Man-DB-2.7.1
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</div>
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<div class="wrap" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h1 class="sect1">
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<a id="ch-system-util-linux" name="ch-system-util-linux"></a>6.65.
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Util-linux-2.26
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</h1>
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<div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<p>
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The Util-linux package contains miscellaneous utility programs.
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Among them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles,
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partitions, and messages.
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</p>
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<div class="segmentedlist">
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<div class="seglistitem">
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">Approximate build time:</strong>
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<span class="segbody">1.3 SBU</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">Required disk space:</strong>
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<span class="segbody">137 MB</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="installation" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2">
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6.65.1. FHS compliance notes
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</h2>
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<p>
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The FHS recommends using the <code class=
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"filename">/var/lib/hwclock</code> directory instead of the usual
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<code class="filename">/etc</code> directory as the location for
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the <code class="filename">adjtime</code> file. First create a
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directory to enable storage for the <span class=
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"command"><strong>hwclock</strong></span> program:
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock</kbd>
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="installation" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2">
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6.65.2. Installation of Util-linux
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</h2>
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<p>
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Prepare Util-linux for compilation:
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">./configure ADJTIME_PATH=/var/lib/hwclock/adjtime \
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--docdir=/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.26 \
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--disable-chfn-chsh \
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--disable-login \
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--disable-nologin \
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--disable-su \
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--disable-setpriv \
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--disable-runuser \
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--disable-pylibmount \
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--without-python</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p>
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The --disable and --without options prevent warnings about building
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components that require packages not in LFS or are inconsistent
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with programs installed by other packages.
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</p>
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<p>
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Compile the package:
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">make</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p>
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If desired, run the test suite as a non-root user:
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</p>
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<div class="admon warning">
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<img alt="[Warning]" src="../images/warning.png" />
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<h3>
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Warning
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</h3>
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<p>
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Running the test suite as the root user can be harmful to your
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system. To run it, the CONFIG_SCSI_DEBUG option for the kernel
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must be available in the currently running system, and must be
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built as a module. Building it into the kernel will prevent
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booting. For complete coverage, other BLFS packages must be
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installed. If desired, this test can be run after rebooting into
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the completed LFS system and running:
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">bash tests/run.sh --srcdir=$PWD --builddir=$PWD</kbd>
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</pre>
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</div>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">chown -Rv nobody .
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su nobody -s /bin/bash -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</kbd>
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</pre>
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<div class="admon note">
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<img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png" />
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<h3>
|
|
Note
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</h3>
|
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<p>
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One test above, tests/ts/ipcs/limits2, will fail when the host is
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using a recent kernel. The failure can safely be ignored.
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</p>
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</div>
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<p>
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Install the package:
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">make install</kbd>
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="content" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2">
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<a id="contents-utillinux" name="contents-utillinux"></a>6.65.3.
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Contents of Util-linux
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</h2>
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<div class="segmentedlist">
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<div class="seglistitem">
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">Installed programs:</strong>
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<span class="segbody">addpart, agetty, blkdiscard, blkid,
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blockdev, cal, cfdisk, chcpu, chrt, col, colcrt, colrm, column,
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ctrlaltdel, delpart, dmesg, eject, fallocate, fdformat, fdisk,
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findfs, findmnt, flock, fsck, fsck.cramfs, fsck.minix,
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fsfreeze, fstrim, getopt, hexdump, hwclock, i386, ionice,
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ipcmk, ipcrm, ipcs, isosize, kill, last, lastb (link to last),
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ldattach, linux32, linux64, logger, look, losetup, lsblk,
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lscpu, lslocks, lslogins, mcookie, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.cramfs,
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mkfs.minix, mkswap, more, mount, mountpoint, namei, partx, pg,
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pivot_root, prlimit, raw, readprofile, rename, renice,
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resizepart, rev, rtcwake, script, scriptreplay, setarch,
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setsid, setterm, sfdisk, sulogin, swaplabel, swapoff (link to
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swapon), swapon, switch_root, tailf, taskset, ul, umount,
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unshare, utmpdump, uuidd, uuidgen, wall, wdctl, whereis,
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wipefs, x86_64, and zramctl</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">Installed libraries:</strong>
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<span class="segbody">libblkid.{a,so}, libfdisk.{a,so},
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libmount.{a,so}, libsmartcols.{a,so}, and libuuid.{a,so}</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">Installed directories:</strong>
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<span class="segbody">/etc/terminal-colors.d,
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/usr/include/blkid, /usr/include/libmount, /usr/include/uuid,
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/usr/share/doc/util-linux-2.26/getopt, and
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/var/lib/hwclock</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
|
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<div class="variablelist">
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<h3>
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|
Short Descriptions
|
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</h3>
|
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<table border="0" class="variablelist">
|
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<colgroup>
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<col align="left" valign="top" />
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<col />
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</colgroup>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="addpart" name="addpart"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>addpart</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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Informs the Linux kernel of new partitions
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="agetty" name="agetty"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>agetty</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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Opens a tty port, prompts for a login name, and then
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invokes the <span class=
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"command"><strong>login</strong></span> program
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="blkdiscard" name="blkdiscard"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>blkdiscard</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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Discards sectors on a device
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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|
<a id="blkid" name="blkid"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>blkid</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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|
A command line utility to locate and print block device
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attributes
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|
</p>
|
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</td>
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|
</tr>
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<tr>
|
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<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="blockdev" name="blockdev"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
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|
"command"><strong>blockdev</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
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|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Allows users to call block device ioctls from the command
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|
line
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|
</p>
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|
</td>
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|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="cal" name="cal"></a><span class=
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|
"term"><span class="command"><strong>cal</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Displays a simple calendar
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="cfdisk" name="cfdisk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>cfdisk</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Manipulates the partition table of the given device
|
|
</p>
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|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="chcpu" name="chcpu"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>chcpu</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Modifies the state of CPUs
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="chrt" name="chrt"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
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|
"command"><strong>chrt</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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|
Manipulates real-time attributes of a process
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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|
<p>
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|
<a id="col" name="col"></a><span class=
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|
"term"><span class="command"><strong>col</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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|
<p>
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|
Filters out reverse line feeds
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|
</p>
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|
</td>
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|
</tr>
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|
<tr>
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|
<td>
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|
<p>
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|
<a id="colcrt" name="colcrt"></a><span class=
|
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"term"><span class=
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|
"command"><strong>colcrt</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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|
</td>
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|
<td>
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|
<p>
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|
Filters <span class=
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|
"command"><strong>nroff</strong></span> output for
|
|
terminals that lack some capabilities, such as
|
|
overstriking and half-lines
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
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|
<p>
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|
<a id="colrm" name="colrm"></a><span class=
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|
"term"><span class=
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|
"command"><strong>colrm</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
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|
<td>
|
|
<p>
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|
Filters out the given columns
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|
</p>
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|
</td>
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</tr>
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|
<tr>
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|
<td>
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|
<p>
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|
<a id="column" name="column"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
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|
"command"><strong>column</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
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|
Formats a given file into multiple columns
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
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|
</tr>
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|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ctrlaltdel" name="ctrlaltdel"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ctrlaltdel</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets the function of the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination to
|
|
a hard or a soft reset
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="delpart" name="delpart"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>delpart</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Asks the Linux kernel to remove a partition
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="dmesg" name="dmesg"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>dmesg</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Dumps the kernel boot messages
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="eject" name="eject"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>eject</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Ejects removable media
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fallocate" name="fallocate"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fallocate</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Preallocates space to a file
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fdformat" name="fdformat"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fdformat</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Low-level formats a floppy disk
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fdisk" name="fdisk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fdisk</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Manipulates the paritition table of the given device
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="findfs" name="findfs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>findfs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Finds a file system by label or Universally Unique
|
|
Identifier (UUID)
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="findmnt" name="findmnt"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>findmnt</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Is a command line interface to the libmount library for
|
|
work with mountinfo, fstab and mtab files
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="flock" name="flock"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>flock</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Acquires a file lock and then executes a command with the
|
|
lock held
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fsck" name="fsck"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fsck</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Is used to check, and optionally repair, file systems
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fsck.cramfs" name="fsck.cramfs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fsck.cramfs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Performs a consistency check on the Cramfs file system on
|
|
the given device
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fsck.minix" name="fsck.minix"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fsck.minix</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Performs a consistency check on the Minix file system on
|
|
the given device
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fsfreeze" name="fsfreeze"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fsfreeze</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Is a very simple wrapper around FIFREEZE/FITHAW ioctl
|
|
kernel driver operations
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="fstrim" name="fstrim"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>fstrim</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Discards unused blocks on a mounted filesystem
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="getopt" name="getopt"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>getopt</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Parses options in the given command line
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="hexdump" name="hexdump"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>hexdump</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Dumps the given file in hexadecimal or in another given
|
|
format
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="hwclock" name="hwclock"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>hwclock</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Reads or sets the system's hardware clock, also called
|
|
the Real-Time Clock (RTC) or Basic Input-Output System
|
|
(BIOS) clock
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="i386" name="i386"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>i386</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A symbolic link to setarch
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ionice" name="ionice"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ionice</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Gets or sets the io scheduling class and priority for a
|
|
program
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ipcmk" name="ipcmk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ipcmk</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Creates various IPC resources
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ipcrm" name="ipcrm"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ipcrm</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Removes the given Inter-Process Communication (IPC)
|
|
resource
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ipcs" name="ipcs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ipcs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Provides IPC status information
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="isosize" name="isosize"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>isosize</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Reports the size of an iso9660 file system
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="kill" name="kill"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>kill</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sends signals to processes
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="last" name="last"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>last</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching
|
|
back through the <code class=
|
|
"filename">/var/log/wtmp</code> file; it also shows
|
|
system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="lastb" name="lastb"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>lastb</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
|
|
<code class="filename">/var/log/btmp</code>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ldattach" name="ldattach"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ldattach</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Attaches a line discipline to a serial line
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="linux32" name="linux32"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>linux32</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A symbolic link to setarch
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="linux64" name="linux64"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>linux64</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A symbolic link to setarch
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="logger" name="logger"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>logger</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Enters the given message into the system log
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="look" name="look"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>look</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Displays lines that begin with the given string
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="losetup" name="losetup"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>losetup</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets up and controls loop devices
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="lsblk" name="lsblk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>lsblk</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Lists information about all or selected block devices in
|
|
a tree-like format
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="lscpu" name="lscpu"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>lscpu</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Prints CPU architecture information
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="lslocks" name="lslocks"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>lslocks</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Lists local system locks
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="lslogins" name="lslogins"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>lslogins</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Lists information about users, groups and system accounts
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mcookie" name="mcookie"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mcookie</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Generates magic cookies (128-bit random hexadecimal
|
|
numbers) for <span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>xauth</strong></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mesg" name="mesg"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mesg</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Controls whether other users can send messages to the
|
|
current user's terminal
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mkfs" name="mkfs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mkfs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Builds a file system on a device (usually a hard disk
|
|
partition)
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mkfs.bfs" name="mkfs.bfs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mkfs.bfs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Creates a Santa Cruz Operations (SCO) bfs file system
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mkfs.cramfs" name="mkfs.cramfs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mkfs.cramfs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Creates a cramfs file system
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mkfs.minix" name="mkfs.minix"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mkfs.minix</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Creates a Minix file system
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mkswap" name="mkswap"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mkswap</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Initializes the given device or file to be used as a swap
|
|
area
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="more" name="more"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>more</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A filter for paging through text one screen at a time
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mount" name="mount"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mount</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Attaches the file system on the given device to a
|
|
specified directory in the file-system tree
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="mountpoint" name="mountpoint"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>mountpoint</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Checks if the directory is a mountpoint
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="namei" name="namei"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>namei</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Shows the symbolic links in the given pathnames
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="nsenter" name="nsenter"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>nsenter</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Runs a program with namespaces of other processes
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="partx" name="partx"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>partx</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Tells the kernel about the presence and numbering of
|
|
on-disk partitions
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="pg" name="pg"></a><span class="term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>pg</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Displays a text file one screen full at a time
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="pivot_root" name="pivot_root"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>pivot_root</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Makes the given file system the new root file system of
|
|
the current process
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="prlimit" name="prlimit"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>prlimit</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Get and set a process' resource limits
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="raw" name="raw"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class="command"><strong>raw</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Bind a Linux raw character device to a block device
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="readprofile" name="readprofile"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>readprofile</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Reads kernel profiling information
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="rename" name="rename"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>rename</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Renames the given files, replacing a given string with
|
|
another
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="renice" name="renice"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>renice</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Alters the priority of running processes
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="resizepart" name="resizepart"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>resizepart</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Asks the Linux kernel to resize a partition
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="rev" name="rev"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class="command"><strong>rev</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Reverses the lines of a given file
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="rtcwake" name="rtcwake"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>rtcwake</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Used to enter a system sleep state until specified wakeup
|
|
time
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="script" name="script"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>script</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Makes a typescript of a terminal session
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="scriptreplay" name="scriptreplay"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>scriptreplay</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Plays back typescripts using timing information
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="setarch" name="setarch"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>setarch</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Changes reported architecture in a new program
|
|
environment and sets personality flags
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="setsid" name="setsid"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>setsid</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Runs the given program in a new session
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="setterm" name="setterm"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>setterm</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Sets terminal attributes
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="sfdisk" name="sfdisk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>sfdisk</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A disk partition table manipulator
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="sulogin" name="sulogin"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>sulogin</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Allows <code class="systemitem">root</code> to log in; it
|
|
is normally invoked by <span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>init</strong></span> when the system
|
|
goes into single user mode
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="swaplabel" name="swaplabel"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>swaplabel</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Allows to change swaparea UUID and label
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="swapoff" name="swapoff"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>swapoff</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Disables devices and files for paging and swapping
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="swapon" name="swapon"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>swapon</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Enables devices and files for paging and swapping and
|
|
lists the devices and files currently in use
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="switch_root" name="switch_root"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>switch_root</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Switches to another filesystem as the root of the mount
|
|
tree
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="tailf" name="tailf"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>tailf</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Tracks the growth of a log file; displays the last 10
|
|
lines of a log file, then continues displaying any new
|
|
entries in the log file as they are created
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="taskset" name="taskset"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>taskset</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Retrieves or sets a process' CPU affinity
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="ul" name="ul"></a><span class="term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>ul</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A filter for translating underscores into escape
|
|
sequences indicating underlining for the terminal in use
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="umount" name="umount"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>umount</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Disconnects a file system from the system's file tree
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="unshare" name="unshare"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>unshare</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Runs a program with some namespaces unshared from parent
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="utmpdump" name="utmpdump"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>utmpdump</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Displays the content of the given login file in a more
|
|
user-friendly format
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="uuidd" name="uuidd"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>uuidd</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A daemon used by the UUID library to generate time-based
|
|
UUIDs in a secure and guranteed-unique fashion
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="uuidgen" name="uuidgen"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>uuidgen</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Creates new UUIDs. Each new UUID can reasonably be
|
|
considered unique among all UUIDs created, on the local
|
|
system and on other systems, in the past and in the
|
|
future
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="wall" name="wall"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>wall</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Displays the contents of a file or, by default, its
|
|
standard input, on the terminals of all currently logged
|
|
in users
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="wdctl" name="wdctl"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>wdctl</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Shows hardware watchdog status
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="whereis" name="whereis"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>whereis</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Reports the location of the binary, source, and man page
|
|
for the given command
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="wipefs" name="wipefs"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>wipefs</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Wipes a filesystem signature from a device
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="x86_64" name="x86_64"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>x86_64</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A symbolic link to setarch
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="zramctl" name="zramctl"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><span class=
|
|
"command"><strong>zramctl</strong></span></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
A program to set up and control zram (compressed ram
|
|
disk) devices
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="libblkid" name="libblkid"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><code class="filename">libblkid</code></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Contains routines for device identification and token
|
|
extraction
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="libfdisk" name="libfdisk"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><code class="filename">libfdisk</code></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Contains routines for manipulating partition tables
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="libmount" name="libmount"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><code class="filename">libmount</code></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Contains routines for block device mounting and
|
|
unmounting
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="libsmartcols" name="libsmartcols"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><code class="filename">libsmartcols</code></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Contains routines for aiding screen output in tabular
|
|
form
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<a id="libuuid" name="libuuid"></a><span class=
|
|
"term"><code class="filename">libuuid</code></span>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<p>
|
|
Contains routines for generating unique identifiers for
|
|
objects that may be accessible beyond the local system
|
|
</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
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<a accesskey="p" href="dbus.html" title="D-Bus-1.8.16">Prev</a>
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D-Bus-1.8.16
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<li class="next">
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<a accesskey="n" href="man-db.html" title="Man-DB-2.7.1">Next</a>
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Man-DB-2.7.1
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</p>
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</li>
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<li class="up">
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<a accesskey="u" href="chapter06.html" title=
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"Chapter 6. Installing Basic System Software">Up</a>
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<li class="home">
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