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6.27. Procps-ng-3.3.10
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<h4>
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Linux From Scratch - Version 7.7-systemd
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</h4>
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<h3>
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第六章 安装基本的系统软件
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</h3>
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<ul>
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E2fsprogs-1.42.12
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<a accesskey="u" href="chapter06.html" title=
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</div>
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<div class="wrap" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h1 class="sect1">
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<a id="ch-system-procps" name="ch-system-procps"></a>6.27.
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Procps-ng-3.3.10
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</h1>
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<div class="package" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<p>
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Procps-ng 软件包包含监视进程的程序。
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</p>
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<div class="segmentedlist">
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<div class="seglistitem">
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">大概编译时间：</strong>
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<span class="segbody">0.1 SBU</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">需要磁盘空间：</strong>
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<span class="segbody">17 MB</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="installation" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2">
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6.27.1. 安装 Procps-ng
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</h2>
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<p>
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准备编译 procps-ng：
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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--exec-prefix= \
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--libdir=/usr/lib \
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--docdir=/usr/share/doc/procps-ng-3.3.10 \
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--disable-static \
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--disable-kill</kbd>
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</pre>
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<div class="variablelist">
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<p class="title">
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<strong>配置选项的含义：</strong>
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</p>
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<dl class="variablelist">
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<dt>
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<span class="term"><em class=
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"parameter"><code>--disable-kill</code></em></span>
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</dt>
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<dd>
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<p>
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该选项取消编译已经由 Util-linux 软件包安装了的
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<span class=
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"command"><strong>kill</strong></span> 命令。
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<p>
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编译软件包：
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">make</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p>
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对于 LFS，测试套件需要自定义某些更改。移除当脚本不使用 tty 设备时失败的测试。
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用下面的命令运行测试套件：
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class=
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"command">sed -i -r 's|(pmap_initname)\\\$|\1|' testsuite/pmap.test/pmap.exp
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make check</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p>
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安装软件包：
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">make install</kbd>
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</pre>
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<p>
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最后，移动重要文件到如果 <code class="filename">/usr</code>
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没有挂载但仍可以找到的位置。
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</p>
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<pre class="userinput">
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<kbd class="command">mv -v /usr/bin/pidof /bin
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mv -v /usr/lib/libprocps.so.* /lib
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ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/libprocps.so) /usr/lib/libprocps.so</kbd>
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</pre>
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</div>
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<div class="content" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
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<h2 class="sect2">
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<a id="contents-procps" name="contents-procps"></a>6.27.2. Procps-ng 的内容
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</h2>
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<div class="segmentedlist">
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<div class="seglistitem">
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">安装的程序：</strong>
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<span class="segbody">free, pgrep, pidof, pkill, pmap, ps,
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pwdx, slabtop, sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w, 和
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watch</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">安装的库：</strong>
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<span class="segbody">libprocps.so</span>
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</div>
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<div class="seg">
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<strong class="segtitle">安装目录：</strong>
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<span class="segbody">/usr/include/proc 和
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/usr/share/doc/procps-ng-3.3.10</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="variablelist">
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<h3>
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简要介绍
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</h3>
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<table border="0" class="variablelist">
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<colgroup>
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<col align="left" valign="top" />
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<col />
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</colgroup>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="free" name="free"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>free</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告系统中空闲和使用的内存容量(包括物理和交换内存)
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="pgrep" name="pgrep"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>pgrep</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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根据名称和其它属性查找进程
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="pidof" name="pidof"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>pidof</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告指定程序的 PIDs
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="pkill" name="pkill"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>pkill</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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根据名称和其它属性处理信号
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="pmap" name="pmap"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>pmap</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告指定进程的内存映射
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="ps" name="ps"></a><span class="term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>ps</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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列出正在运行的进程
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="pwdx" name="pwdx"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>pwdx</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告进程的当前工作目录
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="slabtop" name="slabtop"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>slabtop</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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实时显示内核 slab 缓存信息(译者注，关于内核 slab 缓存，可以查看<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slab_allocation">Wiki</a>)
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="sysctl" name="sysctl"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>sysctl</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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运行时修改内核参数
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="tload" name="tload"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>tload</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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打印当前系统平均负荷曲线图
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="top" name="top"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class="command"><strong>top</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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显示最 CPU 密集型进程列表；它可以实时连续查看处理器活动
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="uptime" name="uptime"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>uptime</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告系统运行时间、登录用户数目以及系统平均负荷
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="vmstat" name="vmstat"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>vmstat</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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报告虚拟内存统计信息、给出关于进程、内存、分页、块输入/输出(IO)、
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陷阱以及 CPU 活动的信息
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="w" name="w"></a><span class="term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>w</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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显示当前登录的用户、以及登录时间和地点
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="watch" name="watch"></a><span class=
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"term"><span class=
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"command"><strong>watch</strong></span></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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重复运行指定命令，显示输出的第一全屏；这允许用户查看随着时间的输出变化
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p>
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<a id="libprocps" name="libprocps"></a><span class=
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"term"><code class="filename">libprocps</code></span>
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</p>
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</td>
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<td>
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<p>
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包含该软件包大部分程序使用的函数
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</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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||
</tbody>
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||
</table>
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||
</div>
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||
</div>
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||
</div>
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||
<div class="navfooter">
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||
<div class="book">
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<div class="titlepage">
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<div class="author">
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<span class="firstname">翻译团队：<a href="http://lctt.github.io/" target="_blank">LCTT</a></span>
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||
<span class="surname">译者/校对：<a href="http://github.com/ictlyh" target="_blank">ictlyh</a>,</span>
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||
</div>
|
||
</div>
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</div>
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<li class="prev">
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<a accesskey="p" href="psmisc.html" title="Psmisc-22.21">上一页</a>
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