From d4510ee034fb6339776e4e8233bbd7fae0e9100f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Anton Maisak Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2018 12:15:49 +0300 Subject: [PATCH] batch contents translation --- chapter07/bootscripts.xml | 4 ++-- chapter07/chapter07.xml | 2 +- chapter07/clock.xml | 2 +- chapter07/console.xml | 4 ++-- chapter07/consoled.xml | 2 +- chapter07/etcshells.xml | 2 +- chapter07/hostname.xml | 2 +- chapter07/hosts.xml | 2 +- chapter07/inputrc.xml | 2 +- chapter07/locale.xml | 2 +- chapter07/network.xml | 22 ++++++++--------- chapter07/networkd.xml | 22 ++++++++--------- chapter07/profile.xml | 2 +- chapter07/setclock.xml | 2 +- chapter07/site.xml | 2 +- chapter07/symlinks.xml | 24 +++++++++---------- chapter07/sysklogd.xml | 2 +- chapter07/systemd-custom.xml | 14 +++++------ chapter07/udev.xml | 4 ++-- chapter07/usage.xml | 46 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ chapter08/chapter08.xml | 2 +- chapter08/fstab.xml | 2 +- chapter08/grub.xml | 8 +++---- chapter08/kernel.xml | 12 +++++----- chapter09/chapter09.xml | 2 +- chapter09/reboot.xml | 2 +- chapter09/theend.xml | 4 ++-- 27 files changed, 98 insertions(+), 98 deletions(-) diff --git a/chapter07/bootscripts.xml b/chapter07/bootscripts.xml index 907228619..ec8e4685f 100644 --- a/chapter07/bootscripts.xml +++ b/chapter07/bootscripts.xml @@ -17,14 +17,14 @@ LFS-Bootscripts-&lfs-bootscripts-version; - Bootscripts + Загрузочные файлы сценариев <para>The LFS-Bootscripts пакет содержит a set of scripts to start/stop - the LFS system at bootup/shutdown. + the LFS system at bootup/shutdown. The configuration files and procedures needed to customize the boot process are described in the following sections.</para> diff --git a/chapter07/chapter07.xml b/chapter07/chapter07.xml index 362ae1e8d..298cfcdec 100644 --- a/chapter07/chapter07.xml +++ b/chapter07/chapter07.xml @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ <?dbhtml dir="chapter07"?> <?dbhtml filename="chapter07.html"?> - <title>System Configuration + Конфигурация системы diff --git a/chapter07/clock.xml b/chapter07/clock.xml index 84e4d04b6..b12f33527 100644 --- a/chapter07/clock.xml +++ b/chapter07/clock.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the system clock + Настройка системных часов clock diff --git a/chapter07/console.xml b/chapter07/console.xml index 23a03dcdb..7843c575e 100644 --- a/chapter07/console.xml +++ b/chapter07/console.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the Linux Console + Настройка консоли Linux console @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various language-specific HOWTOs can also help with this, see . If still in - doubt, look in the /usr/share/keymaps + doubt, look in the /usr/share/keymaps and /usr/share/consolefonts directories for valid keymaps and screen fonts. Read loadkeys(1) and setfont(8) manual pages to determine the correct diff --git a/chapter07/consoled.xml b/chapter07/consoled.xml index d2cb8b919..2c2811726 100644 --- a/chapter07/consoled.xml +++ b/chapter07/consoled.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the Linux Console + Настройка консоли Linux console diff --git a/chapter07/etcshells.xml b/chapter07/etcshells.xml index a67952d0e..570f8cb4d 100644 --- a/chapter07/etcshells.xml +++ b/chapter07/etcshells.xml @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ $Date$ --> - Creating the /etc/shells File + Создание файла /etc/shells /etc/shells diff --git a/chapter07/hostname.xml b/chapter07/hostname.xml index c1de3a81a..bfc9702f6 100644 --- a/chapter07/hostname.xml +++ b/chapter07/hostname.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the system hostname + Настройка имени хоста системы hostname diff --git a/chapter07/hosts.xml b/chapter07/hosts.xml index e9cf9ece6..248c48a29 100644 --- a/chapter07/hosts.xml +++ b/chapter07/hosts.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Customizing the /etc/hosts File + Настройка файла /etc/hosts /etc/hosts diff --git a/chapter07/inputrc.xml b/chapter07/inputrc.xml index 6b0f03cdc..1a3f14bc2 100644 --- a/chapter07/inputrc.xml +++ b/chapter07/inputrc.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Creating the /etc/inputrc File + Создание файла /etc/inputrc File /etc/inputrc diff --git a/chapter07/locale.xml b/chapter07/locale.xml index cb9a3a214..9492eb1c0 100644 --- a/chapter07/locale.xml +++ b/chapter07/locale.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the System Locale + Настройка языкового стандарта системы /etc/locale.conf diff --git a/chapter07/network.xml b/chapter07/network.xml index b441f564f..59ad6509d 100644 --- a/chapter07/network.xml +++ b/chapter07/network.xml @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ will assign network card interface names based on system physical characteristics such as enp2s1. If you are not sure what your interface name is, you can always run ip link or ls - /sys/class/net after you have booted your system. + /sys/class/net after you have booted your system. The following command creates a sample file for the @@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ EOF - Creating the /etc/resolv.conf File + Создание файла /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf @@ -161,26 +161,26 @@ EOF - Customizing the /etc/hosts File + Настройка файла /etc/hosts /etc/hosts - + localnet /etc/hosts - + network /etc/hosts - + Decide on the IP address, fully-qualified domain name (FQDN), and possible aliases for use in the /etc/hosts file. The syntax is: - + IP_address myhost.example.org aliases Unless the computer is to be visible to the Internet (i.e., there is @@ -195,13 +195,13 @@ EOF x can be any number in the range 16-31. y can be any number in the range 0-255. - + A valid private IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for this IP could be lfs.example.org. - + Even if not using a network card, a valid FQDN is still required. This is necessary for certain programs to operate correctly. - + Create the /etc/hosts file выполнив команду: cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF" @@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ ff02::2 ip6-allrouters EOF The <192.168.1.1>, - <FQDN>, and + <FQDN>, and <HOSTNAME> values need to be changed for specific uses or requirements (if assigned an IP address by a network/system administrator and the machine will be connected to an diff --git a/chapter07/networkd.xml b/chapter07/networkd.xml index b501b23c4..ce2f56afc 100644 --- a/chapter07/networkd.xml +++ b/chapter07/networkd.xml @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ .link, .netdev and .network files. For detailed - descriptions and example contents of these configuration files, consult + descriptions and example contents of these configuration files, consult the systemd-link(5), systemd-netdev(5) and systemd-network(5) manual pages. @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ For most systems, there is only one network interface for each type of connection. For example, the classic interface name for a wired connection is eth0. A wireless connection - will usually have the name wifi0 or wlan0. + will usually have the name wifi0 or wlan0. @@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ Create a manual naming scheme, for example by naming the - interfaces something like "internet0", "dmz0", or "lan0". + interfaces something like "internet0", "dmz0", or "lan0". For that, create .link files in /etc/systemd/network/, that choose an explicit name or a - better naming scheme for one, some, or all of your interfaces. + better naming scheme for one, some, or all of your interfaces. For example: @@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ Name=ether0 EOF - See the man page systemd.link(5) for more information. + See the man page systemd.link(5) for more information. - In /boot/grub/grub.cfg, pass the option net.ifnames=0 on the + In /boot/grub/grub.cfg, pass the option net.ifnames=0 on the kernel command line. @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ EOF - Creating the /etc/resolv.conf File + Создание файла /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf @@ -244,17 +244,17 @@ EOF - Customizing the /etc/hosts File + Настройка файла /etc/hosts /etc/hosts - + localnet /etc/hosts - + network /etc/hosts @@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ EOF changed for specific uses or requirements (if assigned an IP address by a network/system administrator and the machine will be connected to an existing network). The optional alias name(s) can be omitted. - + diff --git a/chapter07/profile.xml b/chapter07/profile.xml index 734e38ef9..6f2eb2ea9 100644 --- a/chapter07/profile.xml +++ b/chapter07/profile.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - The Bash Shell Startup Files + Файлы запуска оболочки Bash /etc/profile diff --git a/chapter07/setclock.xml b/chapter07/setclock.xml index 8fde6caed..8b09252dd 100644 --- a/chapter07/setclock.xml +++ b/chapter07/setclock.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the System Clock + Настройка системных часов Procedures for setting the system clock differ between systemd and System V, however the separate procedures do not conflict so both diff --git a/chapter07/site.xml b/chapter07/site.xml index 8624a6e73..15305b75c 100644 --- a/chapter07/site.xml +++ b/chapter07/site.xml @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ - The rc.site File + Файл rc.site rc.site diff --git a/chapter07/symlinks.xml b/chapter07/symlinks.xml index a0bfc0407..d2950fcd8 100644 --- a/chapter07/symlinks.xml +++ b/chapter07/symlinks.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Managing Devices + Управление устройствами @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Intel and Realtek, the network card manufactured by Intel may become eth0 and the Realtek card becomes eth1. In some cases, after a reboot the cards get renumbered the other way around. - + In the new naming scheme, typical network device names would then be something like enp5s0 or wlp3s0. If this naming convention is not desired, the traditional naming scheme or a custom scheme can be @@ -30,20 +30,20 @@ Disabling Persistent Naming on the Kernel Command Line - + The traditional naming scheme using eth0, eth1, etc can be - restored by adding net.ifnames=0 on the + restored by adding net.ifnames=0 on the kernel command line. This is most appropriate for those systems that have only one ethernet device of the same type. Laptops - often have multiple ethernet connections that are named eth0 and - wlan0 and are also candidates for this method. The command line - is passed in the GRUB configuration file. + often have multiple ethernet connections that are named eth0 and + wlan0 and are also candidates for this method. The command line + is passed in the GRUB configuration file. See . Creating Custom Udev Rules - + The naming scheme can be customized by creating custom Udev rules. A script has been included that generates the initial rules. Generate these rules выполнив команду: @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ the network rules file may not have been generated because addresses are not consistently assigned. In these cases, this method cannot be used. - + The file begins with a comment block followed by two lines for each NIC. The first line for each NIC is a commented description showing its hardware IDs (e.g. its PCI vendor and device IDs, if it's a PCI card), @@ -69,11 +69,11 @@ the hardware ID nor the driver is used to determine which name to give an interface; this information is only for reference. The second line is the Udev rule that matches this NIC and actually assigns it a name. - + All Udev rules are made up of several keys, separated by commas and optional whitespace. This rule's keys and an explanation of each of them are as follows: - + SUBSYSTEM=="net" - This tells Udev to ignore @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Udev will assign to this interface. - + The value of NAME is the important part. Make sure you know which name has been assigned to each of your network cards before proceeding, and be sure to use that NAME value when diff --git a/chapter07/sysklogd.xml b/chapter07/sysklogd.xml index f5a22878c..d11b9a81a 100644 --- a/chapter07/sysklogd.xml +++ b/chapter07/sysklogd.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Configuring the sysklogd Script + Настройка сценариев sysklogd sysklogd diff --git a/chapter07/systemd-custom.xml b/chapter07/systemd-custom.xml index 0b19a336a..b8a5b3566 100644 --- a/chapter07/systemd-custom.xml +++ b/chapter07/systemd-custom.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Systemd Usage and Configuration + Использование и конфигурация Systemd Systemd Customization @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ EOF ln -sfv /dev/null /etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount Alternatively, if a a separate partition for - /tmp is desired, specify that + /tmp is desired, specify that partition in an /etc/fstab entry. @@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ EOF systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service - + The system location for the configuration files is - /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf. The local + /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf. The local configuration files are in /etc/tmpfiles.d. Files in /etc/tmpfiles.d override @@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ EOF Note that the syntax for the - /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf files can be + /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf files can be confusing. For example, the default deletion of files in the /tmp directory - is located in /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf with + is located in /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf with the line: q /tmp 1777 root root 10d @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ EOF Rather than plain shell scripts used in SysVinit or BSD style init systems, systemd uses a unified format for different types of startup files (or units). The command systemctl is used to - enable, disable, control state, and obtain status of unit files. Here + enable, disable, control state, and obtain status of unit files. Here are some examples of frequently used commands: diff --git a/chapter07/udev.xml b/chapter07/udev.xml index 022c2dd52..0513517df 100644 --- a/chapter07/udev.xml +++ b/chapter07/udev.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Overview of Device and Module Handling + Обзор обработки устройств и модулей Udev @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ rule for the device it is creating, it will leave the permissions and ownership at whatever devtmpfs used initially. - + Module Loading diff --git a/chapter07/usage.xml b/chapter07/usage.xml index a4c9daed6..18d168958 100644 --- a/chapter07/usage.xml +++ b/chapter07/usage.xml @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ system to another, so it cannot be assumed that because things worked in one particular Linux distribution, they should work the same in LFS too. LFS has its own way of doing things, but it respects generally accepted standards. - + SysVinit (which will be referred to as init from now on) works using a run-levels scheme. There are seven (numbered 0 to 6) run-levels (actually, there are more run-levels, but they are for special cases and are @@ -573,28 +573,28 @@ EOF Creating Files at Boot - + File creation at boot configuring - + At times, it is desired to create files at boot time. For instance, the /tmp/.ICE-unix directory may be desired. This can be done by creating an entry in the /etc/sysconfig/createfiles configuration script. - The format of this file is embedded in the comments of the default + The format of this file is embedded in the comments of the default configuration file. Configuring the sysklogd Script - + sysklogd configuring - + The sysklogd script invokes the syslogd program as a part of System V initialization. The -m 0 option turns off the periodic timestamp mark that @@ -611,12 +611,12 @@ EOF - The rc.site File - + Файл rc.site + rc.site - + The optional /etc/sysconfig/rc.site file contains settings that are automatically set for each SystemV boot script. It can alternatively set the values specified in the hostname, @@ -625,33 +625,33 @@ EOF associated variables are present in both these separate files and rc.site, the values in the script specific files have precedence. - + rc.site also contains parameters that can customize other aspects of the boot process. Setting the IPROMPT variable will enable selective running of bootscripts. Other options are described in the file comments. The default version of the file is as follows: - + &site; - + Customizing the Boot and Shutdown Scripts - + The LFS boot scripts boot and shut down a system in a fairly efficient manner, but there are a few tweaks that you can make in the rc.site file to improve speed even more and to adjust messages according to your preferences. To do this, adjust the settings in the /etc/sysconfig/rc.site file above. - + - + During the boot script udev, there is a call to udev settle that requires some time to complete. This time may or may not be required depending on devices present in the system. If you only have simple partitions and a single ethernet card, the boot process will probably not need to wait for this command. To skip it, set the variable OMIT_UDEV_SETTLE=y. - + The boot script udev_retry also runs udev settle by default. This command is only needed by default if the /var directory is @@ -660,12 +660,12 @@ EOF also need to wait for udev to complete, but in many installations it is not needed. Skip the command by setting the variable OMIT_UDEV_RETRY_SETTLE=y. - + By default, the file system checks are silent. This can appear to be a delay during the bootup process. To turn on the fsck output, set the variable VERBOSE_FSCK=y. - + When rebooting, you may want to skip the filesystem check, fsck, completely. To do this, either create the file /fastboot or reboot the system with the command @@ -674,17 +674,17 @@ EOF /forcefsck or running shutdown with the -F parameter instead of -f. - + Setting the variable FASTBOOT=y will disable fsck during the boot process until it is removed. This is not recommended on a permanent basis. - + Normally, all files in the /tmp directory are deleted at boot time. Depending on the number of files or directories present, this can cause a noticeable delay in the boot process. To skip removing these files set the variable SKIPTMPCLEAN=y. - + During shutdown, the init program sends a TERM signal to each program it has started (e.g. agetty), waits for a set time (default 3 seconds), and sends each process a KILL signal and waits @@ -696,9 +696,9 @@ EOF -t0 -r now). The delay for the sendsignals script can be skipped by setting the parameter KILLDELAY=0. - + - + diff --git a/chapter08/chapter08.xml b/chapter08/chapter08.xml index 58e50a5c7..d9858cc2c 100644 --- a/chapter08/chapter08.xml +++ b/chapter08/chapter08.xml @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ - Making the LFS System Bootable + Делаем систему LFS загрузочной diff --git a/chapter08/fstab.xml b/chapter08/fstab.xml index 8402029aa..48f8861e2 100644 --- a/chapter08/fstab.xml +++ b/chapter08/fstab.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Creating the /etc/fstab File + Создание файла /etc/fstab /etc/fstab diff --git a/chapter08/grub.xml b/chapter08/grub.xml index 3da3f6086..c3399f439 100644 --- a/chapter08/grub.xml +++ b/chapter08/grub.xml @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
&grub-url;
- Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process + Использование GRUB для настройки процесса загрузки Введение @@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ url="&blfs-book;multimedia/libisoburn.html"> libisoburn package. -cd /tmp -grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso +cd /tmp +grub-mkrescue --output=grub-img.iso xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ xorriso -as cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw blank=as_needed grub-img.iso - Creating the GRUB Configuration File + Создание файла конфигурации GRUB Generate /boot/grub/grub.cfg: diff --git a/chapter08/kernel.xml b/chapter08/kernel.xml index 021f80693..571671118 100644 --- a/chapter08/kernel.xml +++ b/chapter08/kernel.xml @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ - <para>The Linux пакет содержит the Linux kernel.</para> + <para>Ядро операционной системы.</para> <segmentedlist> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ <ulink url="http://www.kroah.com/lkn/"/> </para> <note> - + <para>A good starting place for setting up the kernel configuration is to run <command>make defconfig</command>. This will set the base configuration to a good state that takes your current system architecture @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ Kernel hacking ---> <para>A fuller description of managing UEFI environments from within LFS is covered by the lfs-uefi.txt hint at - <ulink + <ulink url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/lfs-uefi.txt"/>. </para> </note> @@ -273,11 +273,11 @@ cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;</userinput></screen> source.</para> <note> - <para>In many cases, the configuration of the kernel will need to be + <para>In many cases, the configuration of the kernel will need to be updated for packages that will be installed later in BLFS. Unlike other packages, it is not necessary to remove the kernel source tree - after the newly built kernel is installed.</para> - + after the newly built kernel is installed.</para> + <para>If the kernel source tree is going to be retained, run <command>chown -R 0:0</command> on the <filename class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename> directory to ensure diff --git a/chapter09/chapter09.xml b/chapter09/chapter09.xml index ab57cba61..384478b49 100644 --- a/chapter09/chapter09.xml +++ b/chapter09/chapter09.xml @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ <?dbhtml dir="chapter09"?> <?dbhtml filename="chapter09.html"?> - <title>The End + Заключение diff --git a/chapter09/reboot.xml b/chapter09/reboot.xml index 58148b825..24ddb74f9 100644 --- a/chapter09/reboot.xml +++ b/chapter09/reboot.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - Rebooting the System + Перезагрузка системы Now that all of the software has been installed, it is time to reboot your computer. However, you should be aware of a few things. The system you diff --git a/chapter09/theend.xml b/chapter09/theend.xml index 1dd8db0d9..3979a502b 100644 --- a/chapter09/theend.xml +++ b/chapter09/theend.xml @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ - The End + Заключение /etc/lfs-release @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Well done! The new LFS system is installed! We wish you much success with your shiny new custom-built Linux system. - Create an /etc/os-release + Create an /etc/os-release file required by systemd: cat > /etc/os-release << "EOF"