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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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668 lines
39 KiB
HTML
668 lines
39 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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</head>
|
||
<body id="gem5-python-c-interaction" class="article">
|
||
<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect3">
|
||
<h4 id="gem5-python-c-interaction"><a class="anchor" href="#gem5-python-c-interaction"></a><a class="link" href="#gem5-python-c-interaction">24.22.2. gem5 Python C++ interaction</a></h4>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The interaction uses the Python C extension interface <a href="https://docs.python.org/2/extending/extending.html" class="bare">https://docs.python.org/2/extending/extending.html</a> interface through the <a href="pybind11.html">pybind11</a> helper library: <a href="https://github.com/pybind/pybind11" class="bare">https://github.com/pybind/pybind11</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The C++ executable both:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>starts running the Python executable</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>provides Python classes written in C++ for that Python code to use</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>An example of this can be found at:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://docs.python.org/2/extending/embedding.html#extending-embedded-python" class="bare">https://docs.python.org/2/extending/embedding.html#extending-embedded-python</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/tree/v2.2.3/tests/test_embed" class="bare">https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/tree/v2.2.3/tests/test_embed</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>then gem5 magic <code>SimObject</code> class adds some crazy stuff on top of it further, is is a mess. In particular, it auto generates <code>params/</code> headers. TODO: why is this mess needed at all? pybind11 seems to handle constructor arguments just fine:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/v2.2.3/tests/test_class.py#L77" class="bare">https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/v2.2.3/tests/test_class.py#L77</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/v2.2.3/tests/test_class.cpp#L41" class="bare">https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/v2.2.3/tests/test_class.cpp#L41</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Let’s study <code>BadDevice</code> for example:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p><code>src/dev/BadDevice.py</code> defines <code>devicename</code>:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>class BadDevice(BasicPioDevice):
|
||
type = 'BadDevice'
|
||
cxx_header = "dev/baddev.hh"
|
||
devicename = Param.String("Name of device to error on")</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The object is created in Python for example from <code>src/dev/alpha/Tsunami.py</code> as:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre> fb = BadDevice(pio_addr=0x801fc0003d0, devicename='FrameBuffer')</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Since <code>BadDevice</code> has no <code>__init__</code> method, and neither <code>BasicPioDevice</code>, it all just falls through until the <code>SimObject.__init__</code> constructor.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>This constructor will loop through the inheritance chain and give the Python parameters to the C++ BadDeviceParams class as follows.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The auto-generated <code>build/ARM/params/BadDevice.hh</code> file defines BadDeviceParams in C++:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>#ifndef __PARAMS__BadDevice__
|
||
#define __PARAMS__BadDevice__
|
||
|
||
class BadDevice;
|
||
|
||
#include <cstddef>
|
||
#include <string>
|
||
|
||
#include "params/BasicPioDevice.hh"
|
||
|
||
struct BadDeviceParams
|
||
: public BasicPioDeviceParams
|
||
{
|
||
BadDevice * create();
|
||
std::string devicename;
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
#endif // __PARAMS__BadDevice__</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>and <code>./python/_m5/param_BadDevice.cc</code> defines the param Python from C++ with pybind11:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>namespace py = pybind11;
|
||
|
||
static void
|
||
module_init(py::module &m_internal)
|
||
{
|
||
py::module m = m_internal.def_submodule("param_BadDevice");
|
||
py::class_<BadDeviceParams, BasicPioDeviceParams, std::unique_ptr<BadDeviceParams, py::nodelete>>(m, "BadDeviceParams")
|
||
.def(py::init<>())
|
||
.def("create", &BadDeviceParams::create)
|
||
.def_readwrite("devicename", &BadDeviceParams::devicename)
|
||
;
|
||
|
||
py::class_<BadDevice, BasicPioDevice, std::unique_ptr<BadDevice, py::nodelete>>(m, "BadDevice")
|
||
;
|
||
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
static EmbeddedPyBind embed_obj("BadDevice", module_init, "BasicPioDevice");</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p><code>src/dev/baddev.hh</code> then uses the parameters on the constructor:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>class BadDevice : public BasicPioDevice
|
||
{
|
||
private:
|
||
std::string devname;
|
||
|
||
public:
|
||
typedef BadDeviceParams Params;
|
||
|
||
protected:
|
||
const Params *
|
||
params() const
|
||
{
|
||
return dynamic_cast<const Params *>(_params);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public:
|
||
/**
|
||
* Constructor for the Baddev Class.
|
||
* @param p object parameters
|
||
* @param a base address of the write
|
||
*/
|
||
BadDevice(Params *p);</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p><code>src/dev/baddev.cc</code> then uses the parameter:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>BadDevice::BadDevice(Params *p)
|
||
: BasicPioDevice(p, 0x10), devname(p->devicename)
|
||
{
|
||
}</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>It has been found that this usage of <a href="pybind11.html">pybind11</a> across hundreds of <code>SimObject</code> files accounted for 50% of the gem5 build time at one point: <a href="pybind11-accounts-for-50-of-gem5-build-time.html">pybind11 accounts for 50% of gem5 build time</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>To get a feeling of how <code>SimObject</code> objects are run, see: <a href="gem5-event-queue-atomicsimplecpu-syscall-emulation-freestanding-example-analysis.html">gem5 event queue AtomicSimpleCPU syscall emulation freestanding example analysis</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Bibliography:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61910993/viewing-the-parameters-of-the-branch-predictor-in-gem5/61914449#61914449" class="bare">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61910993/viewing-the-parameters-of-the-branch-predictor-in-gem5/61914449#61914449</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62969566/attributes-of-system-object-in-gem5/62970092#62970092" class="bare">https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62969566/attributes-of-system-object-in-gem5/62970092#62970092</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Tested on gem5 08c79a194d1a3430801c04f37d13216cc9ec1da3.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph nav-footer">
|
||
<p>← Previous: <a href="gem5-eclipse-configuration.html">gem5 Eclipse configuration</a> | ↑ Up: <a href="gem5-internals.html">gem5 internals</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="gem5-entry-point.html">gem5 entry point</a> →</p>
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