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https://github.com/cirosantilli/linux-kernel-module-cheat.git
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610 lines
36 KiB
HTML
610 lines
36 KiB
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<meta name="description" content="The perfect emulation setup to study and develop the <<linux-kernel>> v5.9.2, kernel modules, <<qemu-buildroot-setup,QEMU>>, <<gem5-buildroot-setup,gem5>> and x86_64, ARMv7 and ARMv8 <<userland-assembly,userland>> and <<baremetal-setup,baremetal>> assembly, <<c,ANSI C>>, <<cpp,C++>> and <<posix,POSIX>>. EVERYTHING is built from source. <<gdb>> and <<kgdb>> just work. Powered by <<about-the-qemu-buildroot-setup,Buildroot>> and <<about-the-baremetal-setup,crosstool-NG>>. Highly automated. Thoroughly documented. Automated <<test-this-repo,tests>>. "Tested" in an Ubuntu 20.04 host.">
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<title>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</title>
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|
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|
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|
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</head>
|
||
<body id="tracing" class="article">
|
||
<div id="header">
|
||
<h1>Linux Kernel Module Cheat</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="content">
|
||
<div class="sect2">
|
||
<h3 id="tracing"><a class="anchor" href="#tracing"></a><a class="link" href="#tracing">23.9. Tracing</a></h3>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The tracing described in this section requires rebuilding QEMU with:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./build-qemu --extra-config-args=--enable-trace-backends=simple</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Ideally we would like to use this build option by default, but unfortunately starting on some QEMU version this started generating <code>trace-<pid></code> files for every run which is far too annoying when you don’t want traces, and we don’t know how to turn it off at runtime or make the files be created in some other directory.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>QEMU can log several different events.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>The most interesting are events which show instructions that QEMU ran, for which we have a helper:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./trace-boot --arch x86_64</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Under the hood, this uses QEMU’s <code>-trace</code> option.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>You can then inspect the address of each instruction run:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>less "$(./getvar --arch x86_64 run_dir)/trace.txt"</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Sample output excerpt:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>exec_tb 0.000 pid=10692 tb=0x7fb4f8000040 pc=0xfffffff0
|
||
exec_tb 35.391 pid=10692 tb=0x7fb4f8000180 pc=0xfe05b
|
||
exec_tb 21.047 pid=10692 tb=0x7fb4f8000340 pc=0xfe066
|
||
exec_tb 12.197 pid=10692 tb=0x7fb4f8000480 pc=0xfe06a</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Get the list of available trace events:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run --trace help</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>TODO: any way to show the actualy disassembled instruction executed directly from there? Possible with <a href="qemu-d-tracing.html">QEMU -d tracing</a>.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Enable other specific trace events:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>./run --trace trace1,trace2
|
||
./qemu-trace2txt -a "$arch"
|
||
less "$(./getvar -a "$arch" run_dir)/trace.txt"</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>This functionality relies on the following setup:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><code>./configure --enable-trace-backends=simple</code>. This logs in a binary format to the trace file.</p>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>It makes 3x execution faster than the default trace backend which logs human readable data to stdout.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>Logging with the default backend <code>log</code> greatly slows down the CPU, and in particular leads to this boot message:</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="literalblock">
|
||
<div class="content">
|
||
<pre>All QSes seen, last rcu_sched kthread activity 5252 (4294901421-4294896169), jiffies_till_next_fqs=1, root ->qsmask 0x0
|
||
swapper/0 R running task 0 1 0 0x00000008
|
||
ffff880007c03ef8 ffffffff8107aa5d ffff880007c16b40 ffffffff81a3b100
|
||
ffff880007c03f60 ffffffff810a41d1 0000000000000000 0000000007c03f20
|
||
fffffffffffffedc 0000000000000004 fffffffffffffedc ffffffff00000000
|
||
Call Trace:
|
||
<IRQ> [<ffffffff8107aa5d>] sched_show_task+0xcd/0x130
|
||
[<ffffffff810a41d1>] rcu_check_callbacks+0x871/0x880
|
||
[<ffffffff810a799f>] update_process_times+0x2f/0x60</pre>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph">
|
||
<p>in which the boot appears to hang for a considerable time.</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p>patch QEMU source to remove the <code>disable</code> from <code>exec_tb</code> in the <code>trace-events</code> file. See also: <a href="https://rwmj.wordpress.com/2016/03/17/tracing-qemu-guest-execution/" class="bare">https://rwmj.wordpress.com/2016/03/17/tracing-qemu-guest-execution/</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="ulist">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-d-tracing.html">QEMU -d tracing</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-trace-register-values.html">QEMU trace register values</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-trace-memory-accesses.html">QEMU trace memory accesses</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="trace-source-lines.html">Trace source lines</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-record-and-replay.html">QEMU record and replay</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-trace-multicore.html">QEMU trace multicore</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="qemu-get-guest-instruction-count.html">QEMU get guest instruction count</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<p><a href="gem5-tracing.html">gem5 tracing</a></p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="paragraph nav-footer">
|
||
<p>← Previous: <a href="debug-gem5-python-scripts.html">Debug gem5 Python scripts</a> | ↑ Up: <a href="qemu.html">QEMU</a> | ⌂ Home: <a href="README.html">Linux Kernel Module Cheat</a> | Next: <a href="qemu-d-tracing.html">QEMU -d tracing</a> →</p>
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