Implement mysql_upgrade upgrade testing in CI

Performs an upgrade of mariadb from an earlier version to the rpms built
in CI. Then checks whether log contains evidence of upgrade in the form
of "Needs upgrade" or "Table rebuild required". Designed to check minor
version upgrades which should not trigger rebuilds.

The test is written in bash script so it can be executed from other CI
systems.

$ test_upgrade.sh source_version target_version
$ test_upgrade.sh source_version # defaults to rpm/
$ test_upgrade.sh source_version --rpm-dir <directory>

Binaries must be created with performance schema enabled, or
mysql_upgrade complains about missing tables.

Upgrade testing is parallelized with a "matrix" of source versions.
Others can be introduced later.

This was partially designed to catch issues like that seen in
https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-28727 where a minor version upgrade
(e.g. 10.4.8 -> 10.4.26) triggered a system table rebuild.

All new code of the whole pull request, including one or several files
that are either new files or modified ones, are contributed under the
BSD-new license. I am contributing on behalf of my employer
Amazon Web Services, Inc.

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ default:
 # submodules (a commit in this repo does not affect their builds anyway) and
 # many components that are otherwise slow to build.
 variables:
-  CMAKE_FLAGS: "-DWITH_SSL=system -DPLUGIN_COLUMNSTORE=NO -DPLUGIN_ROCKSDB=NO -DPLUGIN_S3=NO -DPLUGIN_MROONGA=NO -DPLUGIN_CONNECT=NO -DPLUGIN_MROONGA=NO -DPLUGIN_TOKUDB=NO -DPLUGIN_PERFSCHEMA=NO -DWITH_WSREP=OFF"
+  CMAKE_FLAGS: "-DWITH_SSL=system -DPLUGIN_COLUMNSTORE=NO -DPLUGIN_ROCKSDB=NO -DPLUGIN_S3=NO -DPLUGIN_MROONGA=NO -DPLUGIN_CONNECT=NO -DPLUGIN_TOKUDB=NO -DWITH_WSREP=OFF"
   # Major version dictates which branches share the same ccache. E.g. 10.6-abc
   # and 10.6-xyz will have the same cache.
   MARIADB_MAJOR_VERSION: "11.1"
@@ -580,6 +580,43 @@ flawfinder:
       - flawfinder-all-vulnerabilities.html
       - flawfinder-min-level5.json
       
+fedora upgrade-from:
+  stage: test
+  image: fedora:latest
+  variables:
+    GIT_STRATEGY: pull
+  dependencies:
+    - fedora
+  needs:
+    - fedora
+  parallel:
+    matrix:
+      # Get latest versions of all major versions
+      - UPGRADE_PATH: 
+        - "10.6>11.0"
+        - "10.3"
+        - "10.4"
+        - "10.4.8" # Test unexpected table rebuilds as in https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-28727
+        - "10.5"
+        - "10.6"
+        - "10.11"
+        - "11.0"
+  script:
+    - |
+      if [[ $UPGRADE_PATH == *">"* ]]; then
+        SOURCE=$(echo "$UPGRADE_PATH" | cut -d'>' -f1)
+        TARGET=$(echo "$UPGRADE_PATH" | cut -d'>' -f2)
+      else
+        SOURCE=$(echo "$UPGRADE_PATH")
+      fi
+
+    # Test upgrade from earlier minor version
+    - ./tests/upgrade_from/test_upgrade.sh $SOURCE $TARGET
+  artifacts:
+    paths:
+      - "*.sql"
+      - "test_upgrade*.log"
+
 # Once all RPM builds and tests have passed, also run the DEB builds and tests
 # @NOTE: This is likely to work well only on salsa.debian.org as the Gitlab.com
 # runners are too small for everything this stage does.